Īs a result, brutal disputes between Jews and the anti-Semitic “ white ” Russian groups took place in Harbin. Major General Higuchi Kiichirō ( Japanese 樋 口 季 一郎, 1888-1970) granted entry to the puppet state of Manchukuo to about 5000 Jews waiting at the Manchurian-Soviet border while he was stationed in Harbin ( Chinese 哈尔滨 市 ). Manchukuo was a colonial "empire" established by Japan under Aisin Gioro Puyi ( Chinese 爱新觉罗 On the other hand, the settlement of Jews in Japanese-controlled Asia seemed to be in Japan's interest. Unlike his army counterpart, Colonel Yasue, he adhered to an anti-Semitic ideology and strongly believed in the (anti-Semitic) protocols of the Elders of Zion. Koreshige Inuzuka was the chief of the Japanese Navy's Advisory Bureau on Jewish Affairs from March 1939 to April 1942. Some Japanese leaders such as officers Koreshige Inuzuka ( 犬 塚 惟 重 1890–1965), Yasue Norihiro ( 安 江 仙 弘 ), and industrialist Aikawa Yoshisuke ( 鮎 川 義 介 1880–1967, founder of the automobile manufacturer Nissan ) believed that Japan was in favor of the United States through the influence of American Judaism and the economic and political power of Japan could be increased through controlled immigration of Jews. Immigration Aspirations in Imperial Japan At the same time, Tokyo's Jewish community slowly grew with the arrival of Jews from the United States, Western Europe, and Russia, and became Japan's largest Jewish community. Both an Ashkenazi and a Sephardic synagogue were built. Apart from the cemetery, there are no traces of Jewish life to be found in Nagasaki - also due to the destruction after the atomic bomb was dropped on Aug.įurthermore, Jews from the Middle East (especially from Iraq and Syria ) and from Central and Eastern European countries, including Germany, immigrated to Kobe. The Torah role of the community was given to the Jewish community in Kobe. The synagogue building was sold after the last Jews left Nagasaki. The community existed until 1924, when it was gradually dissolved during and after the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). The entrance to the Jewish part of the cemetery consists of a stone arch in which Bet-Olam (Hebrew: eternal abode) is carved. Ginsberg and the entrepreneur Haskel Goldenberg, is buried in the Sakamoto international cemetery. Lessner, who, like the Jewish merchant M. The Beth Israel Synagogue in Nagasaki was built between 18 by Sigmund D. They came to Nagasaki because the place had long been used as a recreational base by the Russian Far East Fleet. This community consisted of more than 100 families, mostly of Russian origin, who had fled the pogroms there. Even so, Yokohama is still an important hub of Japanese Jewish life today.Īnother Jewish settlement emerged in Nagasaki in the 1880s. A part of this community moved to Kobe after the Great Kanto earthquake in 1923. Many perceived Judaism as a Christian sect. After the First World War (1914–1918) there were only a few thousand Jews in Japan about whom most of the Japanese population knew nothing. In 1895, the small congregation of Yokohamas, which until then consisted of around 50 families, opened the first synagogue in Japan. The first Jews came mainly from Poland, the United States, and England. The first Jews in Japan were Alexander Marks and his brother, who settled in Yokohama in 1861, followed by the American businessman Raphael Schover, who, in addition to his commercial activities, became the editor of Japan Express, the first foreign language newspaper in Japan. On March 31, 1854, the US Navy had used the Treaty of Kanagawa to force the opening of the Japanese ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to trade with the United States, thereby ending the 200-year-long isolation of Japan (sakoku).
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